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Sacrifice

To deliberately give up material to achieve an advantage (which could include a gain in tempo, greater mobility, a checkmate, etc...).

For example: 1. Nf3+ 2. gxf3 Bxf3+ 3. Bg3 Qxg3+ 4. hxg3 Rxg3+ 5. Kh2( If 5. Bg2 Rxg2+ 6. Kf1 Rh2 with mate to follow. 5. … Bxf2 White is a full Queen ahead, but is helpless to avoid mate.) 6. Bh3 Rxh3+ 7. Resigns OR 7. Kxh3 Rh8# (See Illustration)

Simultaneous Exhibition

Also called a "simul". This is an event where a single player plays numerous opponents at the same time. Numerous boards are set up and the simul exhibitor moves from board to board one at a time and makes his/her move. The opponents have only the time in which it takes the exhibitor to return to consider their moves. The opponents must make their move in front of the exhibitor when he/she returns to their board individually. Most often the exhibitor will allow each opponent the ability to "pass" three times, wherein the exhibitor will skip him/her until his next cycle around.r

Skewer

Also called an X-ray Attack. A tactic where a valuable piece is put under attack and must move to be saved. Once the valuable piece moves out of attack, a second piece behind it is revealed and subjected to being captured.

With Black to move, (See Illustration) the black queen is skewered by White's bishop. Black must move the queen, and on the next move, White will capture the rook.Black is likely to move the queen, and sacrifice the rook.

Smothered Mate

A form of checkmate where the King is unable to escapte check because his own friendly pieces prevent him from moving. The White king is checkmated due to obstruction of its own pieces(See illustration).

Spite Check

A check given by a player facing the inevitable checkmate of his own King. A Spite Check does not eliminate the threat of checkmate; it merely delays it for a move or two.

Stalemate

A situation where a player has no legal moves to make. Any move he/she would make with the King would put the King in check and he/she has no other pieces on the board that can move. This game ends in a draw.

(See illustration)Black to move is in stalemate. Black has no legal move since each square to which the lone king might move is attacked by the white bishop or queen.

Strategy

The overall, long range plans for the game.

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